PTS Pali-English dictionary - The Pali Text Society's Pali-English dictionary
Gacchati,[Vedic gacchati,a desiderative (future) formation from *gǔem “I am intent upon going,” i.e.I go,with the foll.bases.-- (1) Future-present *gǔemskéti› *gaścati›Sk.gacchati=Gr.baζkw (to bainw).In meaning cp.i,Sk.emi,Gr.εί mi “I shall go” & in form also Sk.pṛcchati=Lat.porsco “I want to know,” Vedic icchati “to desire.” -- (2) Present *gǔemịo=Sk.gamati=Gr.bai/nw,Lat.venio,Goth.qiman,Ohg.koman,E.come; and non-present formations as Osk.kúmbened,Sk.gata=Lat.ventus; gantu=(ad) ventus.-- (3) *gǔā,which is correlated to *stā,in Pret.Sk.ágām,Gr.e]/bhn,cp.bhμa].These three formations are represented in Pāli as follows (1) gacch°,in pres.gacchati; imper.gaccha & gacchāhi; pot.gacche (Dh.46,224) & gaccheyya; p.pres.gacchanto,med.gacchamāna; fut (2nd) gacchissati; aor.agacchi (VvA.307; v.l.agañchi).-- (2) gam° in three variations; viz.(a) gam°,in pres.caus.gameti; fut.gamissati; aor.3 sg.agamā (Sn.408,976; Vv 797; Mhvs VII.9),agamāsi & gami (Pv.II,86) 1.pl.agamiṁhase (Pv.II,310),pl.agamuṁ (Sn.290),agamaṁsu & gamiṁsu; prohib.mā gami; ger.gamya (J.V,31); grd.gamanīya (KhA 223).See also der.gama,gamana,gāmika,gāmin.-- (b) gan°,in aor.agañchi (on this form see Trenckner,Notes,p.71 sq.-- In n’āgañchi J.III,190 it belongs to ā+gam); pres.-aor gañchisi (Sn.665); inf.gantuṁ; ger.gantvā; grd.gantabba.See also der.gantar.‹-› (c) ga°,in pp.gata.See also ga,gati,gatta.-- 3.gā°,in pret.agā (Pv.II,322),3rd pl.aor.agū (=Sk.°uḥ),in ajjhagū,anvagū (q.v.).
Meanings and Use:1.to go,to be in motion,to move,to go on (opp.to stand still,tiṭṭhati).Freq.in combn with tiṭṭhati nisīdati seyyaṁ kappeti “to go,to stand,sit down & lie down,” to denote all positions and every kind of behaviour; Nd2 s.v.gacchati.‹-› evaṁ kāle gacchante,as time went on J.III,52,or evaṁ g° kāle (PvA.54,75) or gacchante gacchante kāle DhA.I,319; gacchati=paleti PvA.56; vemakoṭi gantvā pahari (whilst moving) DhA.III,176.-- 2.to go,to walk (opp.to run,dhāvati) DhA.I,389.-- 3.to go away,to go out,to go forth (opp.to stay,or to come,āgacchati):agamāsi he went Pv.II,86; yo maṁ icchati anvetu yo vā n’icchati gacchatu “who wants me may come,who does not may go” Sn.564; āgacchantānañ ca gacchantānañ ca pamāṇaṁ n’atthi “there was no end of all who came & went” J.II,133; gacchāma “let us go” J.I,263; gaccha dāni go away now! J.II,160; gaccha re muṇḍaka Vism.343; gacchāhi go then! J.I,151,222; mā gami do not go away! J.IV,2; pl.mā gamittha J.I,263; gacchanto on his way J.I,255,278; agamaṁsu they went away J.IV,3; gantukāma anxious to go J.I,222,292; kattha gamissasi where are you going? (opp.agacchasi) DhA.III,173; kahaṁ gacchissatha id.J.II,128; kuhiṁ gamissati where is he going? Sn.411,412.-- 4.with Acc.or substitute:to go to,to have access to,to arrive or get at (with the aim of the movement or the object of the intention); hence fig.to come to know,to experience,to realize.-- (a) with Acc.of direction:Rājagahaṁ gami he went to R.Pv.II,86; Devadaha-nagaraṁ gantuṁ J.I,52; gacchām’ahaṁ Kusināraṁ I shall go to K.D.II,128; Suvaṇṇabhūmiṁ gacchanti they intended to go (“were going”) to S.J.III,188; migavaṁ g.to go hunting J.I,149; janapadaṁ gamissāma J.II,129; paradāraṁ g.to approach another man’s wife Dh.246.-- (b) with adverbs of direction or purpose (atthāya):santikaṁ (or santike) gacchati to go near a person (in Gen.),pitu s.gacchāma DhA.III,172; devāna santike gacche Dh.224 santikaṁ also J.I,152:II.159,etc.Kathaṁ tattha gamissāmi how shall I get there? J.I,159; II,159; tattha agamāsi he went there J.II,160.dukkhānubhavanatthāya gacchamānā “going away for the purpose of undergoing suffering” J.IV,3; vohāratthāya gacchāmi I am going out (=fut.) on business J.II,133.-- Similarly (fig.) in foll.expressions (op.“to go to Heaven,” etc.=to live or experience a heavenly life,op.next); Nirayaṁ gamissati J.VI,368; saggaṁ lokaṁ g.J.I,152; gacche pāram apārato Sn.1129,in this sense interpreted at Nd2 223 as adhigacchati phusati sacchikaroti,to experience.-- Sometimes with double Acc.:Bhagavantaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi “I entrust myself to Bh.” Vin.I,16.-- Cp.also phrases as atthaṅgacchati to go home,to set,to disappear; antarā-gacchati to come between,to obstruct.-- 5.to go as a stronger expression for to be,i.e.to behave,to have existence,to fare (cp.Ger.es geht gut,Fr.cela va bien=it is good).Here belongs gati “existence,” as mode of existing,element,sphere of being,and out of this use is developed the periphrastic use of gam°,which places it on the same level with the verb “to be” (see b).-- (a) sugatiṁ gamissasi you will go to the state of well-being,i.e.Heaven Vin.II,195; It.77; opp.duggatiṁ gacchanti Dh.317--319; maggaṁ na jānanti yena gacchanti subbatā (which will fall to their share) Sn.441; gamissanti yattha gantvā na socare “they will go where one sorrows not” Sn.445; Vv 514; yan ca karoti ...tañ ca ādāya gacchati “whatever a man does that he will take with him” S.I,93.-- (b) periphrastic (w.ger.of governing verb):nagaraṁ pattharitvā gaccheyya “would spread through the town” J.I,62; pariṇāmaṁ gaccheyya “could be digested” D.II,127; sīhacammaṁ ādāya agamaṁsu “they took the lion’s skin away with them” J.II,110; itthiṁ pahāya gamissati shall leave the woman alone J.VI,348; sve gahetvā gamissāmi “I shall come for it tomorrow” Miln.48.(Page 240)
Concise Pali-English Dictionary by A.P. Buddhadatta Mahathera