Dữ liệu
từ điển được lấy từ Pali Canon E-Dictionary Version 1.94 (PCED) gồm Pāli-Việt, Pāli-Anh, Pāli-Burmese (Myanmar), Pāli-Trung, Pāli-Nhật
Kết quả tìm cho từ Kalama
Buddhist Dictionary of Pali Proper Names by G P Malalasekera
Kālāma:1.Kālāma.-See Alāra-Kālāma.
2.Kālāma.-The name,probably,of a gotta or family.Mention is made of a nigama belonging to them in Kosala,which was called Kesaputta.The sermon preached by the Buddha on his visit to Kesaputta is justly famous (A.i.188ff).
The Kālāmas were Khattiyas (AA.i.418).Among members of this family specially mentioned by name are Bharandu-Kālāma,who was once a co-disciple of the Bodhisatta,and Alāra-Kālāma,the teacher of Gotama before his Enlightenment.
U Hau Sein’s Pāḷi-Myanmar Dictionary ပါဠိျမန္မာ အဘိဓာန္(ဦးဟုတ္စိန္)
kalama:ကလမ (ပ) ဆန္။
《巴汉词典》明法尊者增订
Kālāma,﹐【阳】迦摩罗人。A.3.65.佛陀在迦摩罗人住的Kesamuttaṁ村开示有名的羁舍子经(Kesamuttisuttaṁ),在本经世尊说十项不可随便相信的守则。A.3.65./I,189.︰‘etha tumhe,Kālāmā! (1)Mā anussavena,(2)mā paramparāya,(3)mā itikirāya,(4)mā piṭakasampadānena,(5)mā takkahetu,(6)mā nayahetu,(7)mā ākāraparivitakkena,(8)mā diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā,(9)mā bhabbarūpatāya,(10)mā samaṇo no garūti.(1)不要因听闻(就相信)( mā 勿+anussavena﹐anu随著+su(梵wru)听;report)。(2)不要因习俗传统(就相信)( mā 勿+paraṁparāya﹐para越?后+ṁ+para越?后+ya;lineage of teaching)。(3)不要因流传的消息(就相信)( mā 勿+itikirāya﹐iti如此+kirā传说+ya;hearsay)。(4)不要因宗教经典(就相信)( mā 勿+piṭakasampadānena﹐piṭaka经典+sampadāna转移;collection of scriptures)。(5)不要因合乎逻辑(就相信)( mā 勿+takkahetu﹐takka思索+hetu因;logical reasoning)。(6)不要因合乎推理(就相信)( mā 勿+nayahetu?naya+hetu因;inferential reasoning)。(7)不要因外表的观察(就相信) (mā 勿+ākāra-parivittakena﹐ākāra外表+pari遍+vitakka思索;reflection on reasons)。(8)不要因深思熟虑(就相信)( mā 勿+diṭṭhiijjhānakkhantiyā见审谛忍﹐diṭṭhi见解+nijjhāna审察+kkhanti接受;acceptance of a view after pondering it)──Mā diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyāti amhākaṁ nijjhāyitvā khamitvā gahitadiṭṭhiyā saddhiṁ sametītipi mā gaṇhittha.(不要采取:「(这是)我们在审思、忍可后而来所执取的见解。」)。(9)不要因有可能(就相信)( mā 勿+bhabba可能+rūpatā行相+ya;plausibility似真)──不要采信︰因为有可能的(AA︰bhabbarūpatāyāti ayaṁ bhikkhu bhabbarūpo,imassa kathaṁ gahetuṁ yuttantipi mā gaṇhittha.(不要采取:「这位比丘的相貌庄严(bhabbarūpo),这种论説是适宜采信的。」--此说有误解,bhabba与bhadda(威严的)可能雷同而混淆。)。(10)不要因沙门是我们的导师(就相信)( mā samaṇo no garū;the ascetic is our teacher) ──Mā samaṇo no garūti ayaṁ samaṇo amhākaṁ garu,imassa kathaṁ gahetuṁ yuttantipi mā gaṇhittha.(不要采取:「这位沙门是我们的老师,这种论説是适宜采信的。」)。Soma Thera’s translation︰(1)don’t go by reports,(2)by legends,(3)by traditions,(4)by scripture,(5)by logical conjecture,(6)by inference,(7)by analogies,(8)by agreement through pondering views,(9)by probability,or (10)by the thought,‘This contemplative is our teacher.’ Thanissaro Bhikkhu’s translation︰(1)Do not go upon what has been acquired by repeated hearing; (2)nor upon tradition; (3)nor upon rumor; (4)nor upon what is in a scripture; (5)nor upon surmise; (6)nor upon an axiom; (7)nor upon specious reasoning; (8)nor upon a bias towards a notion that has been pondered over; (9)nor upon another’s seeming ability; (10)nor upon the consideration,‘The monk is our teacher.’若遵守这十项原则就可以排除世间一些非法、非律的成份。另外,佛陀也说「法」若引生贪、瞋、痴则是无利益与苦法;若能助益离贪、瞋、痴则是有利益与乐法。佛陀也开示了恶有恶报,善有善报之理,以帮助辨识正法。