Padhāna
Padhāna,(nt.) [fr.pa+dhā,cp.padahati] exertion,energetic effort,striving,concentration of mind D.III,30,77,104,108,214,238; M.II,174,218; S.I,47; II,268; IV,360; V,244 sq.; A.III,65--67 (5 samayā and 5 asamayā for padhāna),249; IV,355; V,17 sq.; Sn.424,428; It.30; Dh.141; J.I,90; Nd2 394 (=viriya); Vbh.218 (citta-samādhi p° etc.); Nett 16; DA.I,104; DhA.I,85 (mahā-padhānaṁ padahitvā); ThA.174; PvA.134.Padhāna is fourfold,viz.saṁvara°,pahāna°,bhāvana°,anurakkhaṇā° or exertion consisting in the restraint of one’s senses,the abandonment of sinful thoughts,practice of meditation & guarding one’s character.These 4 are mentioned at D.III,225; A.II,16; Ps.I,84; II,14 sq.,56,86,166,174; Ud.34; Nd1 45,340; Sdhp.594.‹-› Very frequently termed sammappadhāna [cp.BSk.samyak-pradhāna MVastu III,120; but also samyakprahāṇa,e.g.Divy 208] or “right exertion,” thus at Vin.I,22; S.I,105; III,96 (the four); A.II,15 (id.); III,12; IV,125; Nd1 14; Ps.I,21,85,90,161; SnA 124; PvA.98.-- As padahana at Ps.I,17,21,181.(Page 411)