Kết quả tìm cho từ Para
para:người khác,cái khác; đời khác,đời sau
PARA:[a] cái khác,kẻ,vật khác,người ngoại quốc,người bên ngoài --kata [a] do người khác làm --kāra [m] hành vi của kẻ khác --jana [m] người lạ mặt,người ngoài --attha [m] lợi ích của kẻ khác --dattūpajī vī [a] sống do nhờ nơi,sự bố thí của kẻ khác --neyya [a] do người khác dắt dẫn --paccaya,--pattiya [a] nương nhờ người khác --pessa [a] giúp đỡ kẻ khác --bhāga [m] phần người khác,phần phía ngoài --loka [m] cảnh giới khác --vambhana [nt] sự khi dễ kẻ khác --vāda [m] sự bất đồng ý kiến --vādī [3] [m] sự chống đối trong khi thảo luận --visaya [m] ngoại quốc,miền của người khác --senā [f] quân lính,kẻ đich --hatthagata [a] bị quân địch bắt --hīta [m] sự tấn hóa cho kẻ khác --hetu [ad] do bởi kẻ khác
PĀRA:[nt] bờ kia,bỉ ngạn,phía bên kia --gata [a] người đã đến bờ kia (đã đến mục tiêu cuối cùng) --gāmī [3] đi đến bờ kia --gūṅgata,--ppatta [a] đi vượt qua,đi ngang qua --lokika [a] liên quan đến đời khác,là tái sanh trong vị lai
Para,(adv.-adj.) [fr.Idg.*per,*peri (cp.pari); Ved.para,parā,paraṁ; Lat.per through,Gr.pέra & pέran beyond; see Walde,Lat.Wtb.under per & also pari,pubba,pura,purāṇa] 1.(adv.& prep.) beyond,on the further side of (with Abl.or Loc.),over PvA.168 (para Gaṅgāya,v.l.°āyaṁ).See in same meaning & application paraṁ,paro and parā & cp.cpds.like paraloka.-- 2.(adj.) para follows the pron.declension; cases:sg.Nom.paro Sn.879,Acc.paraṁ Sn.132,185,Gen.Dat.parassa Sn.634; Pv.II,919,Instr.parena PvA.116,Loc.paramhi Sn.634,and pare Pv.II,943; pl.Nom.pare Dh.6,Acc.pare Dh.257; PvA.15,Gen.Dat.paresaṁ D.I,3; Th.1,743; J.I,256; Sn.818,Instr.parehi Sn.240,255; PvA.17.-- Meanings:(a) beyond,i.e.“higher” in space (like Ved.para as opp.to avara lower),as well as “further” in time (i.e.future,to come,or also remote,past:see Loc.pare under c.),freq.in phrase paro loko the world beyond,the world (i.e.life) to come,the beyond or future life (opp.ayaṁ loko) Sn.185 (asmā lokā paraṁ lokaṁ na socati),634 (asmiṁ loke paramhi ca); Dh.168 (paramhi loke); Pv.II,83 (id.=paraloke PvA.107); but also in other combn,like santi-para (adj.) higher than calm Dh.202.Cp.paraloka,paraṁ and paro.-- (b) another,other,adj.as well as n.,pl.others Sn.396 (parassa dāraṁ nâtikkameyya),818 (paresaṁ,cp.Nd1 150); Dh.160 (ko paro who else),257 (pare others); Pv.II,919 (parassa dānaṁ); II,943 (pare,Loc.= paramhi parassa PvA.130); DhA.IV,182 (Gen.pl.); PvA.15,60 (paresaṁ Dat.),103,116,253 (parassa purisassa & paraṁ purisaṁ).Often contrasted with and opposed to attano (one’s own,oneself),e.g.at M.I,200 (paraṁ vambheti attānaṁ ukkaṁseti); Sn.132 (attānaṁ samukkaṁse paraṁ avajānāti); J.I,256 (paresaṁ,opp.attanā); Nd2 26 (att-attha opp.par-attha,see cpds.°ajjhāsaya & °attha).-- paro ...paro “the one ...the other” D.I,224 (kiṁ hi paro parassa karissati); paro paraṁ one another Sn.148 (paro paraṁ nikubbetha).‹-› In a special sense we find pare pl.in the meaning of “the others,” i.e.outsiders,aliens (to the religion of the Buddha),enemies,opponents (like Vedic pare) D.I,2 (=paṭiviruddhā sattā DA.I,51); Vin.I,349; Dh.6.-- (c) some oblique cases in special meaning and used as adv.:paraṁ Acc.sg.m.see under cpds.,like parantapa; as nt.adv.see sep.In phrase puna ca paraṁ would be better read puna c’aparaṁ (see apara).--parena (Instr.) later on,afterwards J.III,395 (=aparena samayena C.).--pare (Loc.); cp.Gr.parai/ at; Lat.prae before; Goth.faúra=E,for,old Dat.of *per) in the past,before,yet earlier J.II,279 (where it continues ajja and hiyyo,i.e.to-day and yesterday,and refers to the day before yesterday.Similarly at Vin.IV,63 pare is contrasted with ajja & hiyyo and may mean “in future,” or “the day before yesterday.” It is of interest to notice the Ved.use of pare as “in the future” opp.to adya & śvas); J.III,423 (the day before yesterday).At DhA.I,253 (sve vā pare vā) and IV.170 in the sense of “on the day after tomorrow.” --parā (only apparently Abl.,in reality either para+a° which represents the vocalic beginning of the second part of the cpd.,or para+ā which is the directional prefix ā,emphasizing para.The latter expln is more in the spirit of the Pali language):see separately.--paro (old Abl.as adv.=Sk.paras) beyond further:see sep.--parato (Abl.) in a variety of expressions and shades of meaning,viz.(1) from another,as regards others A.III,337 (attano parato ca); Nett 8 (ghosa),50 (id.).-- (2) from the point of view of “otherness,” i.e.as strange or something alien,as an enemy M.I,435 (in “anicca”--passage); A.IV,423; Nd2 214II; Ps.II,238; Kvu 400; Miln.418 and passim; in phrase parato disvā “seen as not myself” Th.1,1160; 2,101; S.I,188 (saṅkhāre parato passa,dukkhato mā ca attato).‹-› (3) on the other side of,away from,beyond J.II,128; PvA.24 (kuḍḍānaṁ).-- (4) further,afterwards,later on S.I,34; J.I,255; IV,139; SnA 119,482.-- Note.The compounds with para° are combinations either with para 1 (adv.prep.),or para 2 (adj.n.).Those containing para in form parā and in meaning “further on to” see separately under parā°.See also pāra,pārima etc.
--ajjhāsaya intent on others (opp.att°) SnA 46.--attha (parattha,to be distinguished from adv.parattha,q.v.sep.) the profit or welfare of another (opp.attattha) S.II,29; A.III,63; Dh.166; Nd2 26.--âdhīna dependent on others D.I,72 (=paresu adhīno parass’eva ruciyā pavattati DA.I,212); J.VI,99; ThA.15 (°vuttika); VvA.23 (°vutti,paresaṁ bhāraṁ vahanto).--ûpakkama aggression of an enemy,violence Vin.II,194.--ûpaghāta injuring others,cruelty Vv 8440.--ûpaghātin killing others Dh.184 (=paraṁ upahananto p.DhA.III,237).--ûpavāda reproaching others Sn.389.--kata see paraṅkata. --kamma service of others,°kārin serving others Vv 3322.--kāra see below under paraṅkāra.--kula clan of another,strange or alien clan Sn.128; Dh.73.--kkanta [para° or parā° *krānta?] walked (by another? or gone over?) J.VI,559 (better to be read with v.l.on p.560 as pada° i.e.walked by feet,footprint).--kkama (parā+kram] exertion,endeavour,effort,strife D.I,53; III,113; S.I,166 (daḷha°); II,28 (purisa°); V,66,104 sq.; A.I,4,50 (purisa°); IV,190; Sn.293; Dh.313; Nd1 487; J.I,256; II,153; Dhs.13,12,289,571; Miln.244; DhA.IV,139; Sdhp.253; adj.(-°) sacca° one who strives after the truth J.IV,383.--kkamati [*parakramati] to advance,go forward,exert oneself,undertake,show courage Sn.966 (ger.parakkamma); Dh.383 (id.); Pv III,213 (imper.parakkāma,v.l.parakkama); Pug.19,23; PvA.184 (=payogaṁ karoti); Sdhp.439.--kkaroti [either for parā+kṛ or more likely paras+kṛ,cp.paro] lit.“to put on the opposite side,” i.e.to remove,do away with J.IV,26 (corresponding to apaneti,C.explns as “parato kāreti,” taking parato in the sense of para 2 c 3),404 (mā parākari=mā pariccaji C.).--gatta alien body,trsl.“limbs that are not thou” Th.1,1150.--gavacaṇḍa violent against the cows of another A.II,109=Pug.47 (opp.sakagavacaṇḍa,cp.PugA 226:yo attano gogaṇaṁ ghaṭṭeti,paragogaṇe pana so rato sukhasīlo hoti etc.).--(n)kata made by something or somebody else,extra-self,extraneous,alien S.I,134 (nayidaṁ attakataṁ bimbaṁ nayidaṁ parakataṁ aghaṁ); with ref.to loka & dukkha and opposed to sayaṅkata D.III,137 sq.; S.II,19 sq.,33 sq.,38 sq.; Ud.69 sq.--(n)kāra condition of otherness,other people,alienity Ud.70 (opp.ahaṅkara selfhood).--citta the mind or heart of others A.V,160.--jana a stranger,enemy,demon,fig.devil (cp.Sk.itarajana) M.I,153,210.--tthaddha [parā+tthaddha] propped against,founded on,relying on (with Loc.) J.VI,181 (=upatthadda C.).--tthabbha is to be read for °tthambha at J.IV,313,in meaning=°tthaddha (kismiṁ).--dattûpajīvin living on what is given by others,dependent on another’s gift Sn.217; Miln.294.--davutta see sep.under parada --dāra the wife of another,somebody else’s wife M.I,87; A.II,71,191; Sn.108,242 (°sevanā); Dh.246,309 (°upasevin,cp.DhA.III,482); J.VI,240; DhA.III,481 (°kamma).--dārika (better to be read as pāra°) an adulterer S.II,188,259; J.III,43.--dhammika “of someone else’s norm,” one who follows the teaching of another,i.e.of an heretic teacher Sn.96Q (Nd1 485:p° ā vuccanti satta sahadhammika ṭhapetvā ye keci Buddhe appasannā,dhamme appa nnā,Saṅghe appasannā).--niṭṭhita made ready by others S.I,236.--nimmita “created by another,” in °vasavattin having power under control of another,N.of a class of Devas (see deva) D.I,216 sq.; A.I,210; It.94; Pug.51; DA.I,114,121; KhA 128; VvA.79.--neyya to be led by another,under another’s rule Sn.907 Nd1 321 (=parapattiya parapaccaya).--(n)tapa worrying or molesting another person (opp.attantapa) D.III,232; M.I,341,411; II,159; Pug.56.--paccaya resting,relying,or dependent on someone else Nd1 321; usually neg.a° independent of another Vin.I,12,181 and passim.--pattiya=prec.Nd1 321.--pāṇa other living beings Sn.220.--puggala other people D.III,108.--putta somebody else’s son A.IV,169; Sn.43.--pessa serving others,being a servant Sn.615 (=paresaṁ veyyāvacca SnA 466).--pessiyā a female servant or messenger,lit.to be sent by others J.III,413 (=parehi pesitabbā pesanakārikā C.).--ppavāda [cp.BSk.parapravādin “false teacher” Divy 202] disputation with another,challenge,opposition in teaching (appld to Non-Buddhistic systems) S.V,261; A.II,238; Miln.170,175.--bhāga outer part,precinct part beyond PvA.24.--bhuta [Sk.parabhṛta] the Indian cuckoo (lit.brought up by another) J.V,416 (so read for parābhūta).--bhojana food given by others Sn.366 (=parehi dinnaṁ saddhādeyyaṁ SnA 364).--loka [cpd.either with para 1.or para 2.It is hardly justified to assume a metaphysical sense,or to take para as temporal in the sense of paraṁ (cp.paraṁmaraṇā after death),i.e.the future world or the world to come] the other world,the world beyond (opp.ayaṁ loko this world or idhaloka the world here,see on term Stede,Peta Vatthu p.29 sq.) D.I,27,58,187; II,319; S.I,72,138; Sn.579,666,1117; Nd1 60; Nd2 214 (v.l.for paloka in anicca-passage) 410 (=manussalokaṁ ṭhapetvā sabbo paraloko); Ps.I,121; Vv 845 (=narakaṁ hi sattānaṁ ekantânatthatāya parabhūto paṭisattubhūto loko ti visesato paraloko ti VvA.335); PvA.5,60 (=pettivisaya parattha),64Q,107,253 (idhalokato p.natthi); SnA 478 (=parattha); Sdhp.316,326,327.--vambhitā contempt of others M.I,19 (a°).--vambhin contempting others M.I,19,527.--vasatta power (over others) Dāvs.IV,19.--vāda (1) talk of others,public rumour S.I,4; Sn.819 (cp.Nd1 151); SnA 475.(2) opposition Miln.94 sq.--vādin opponent Miln.348.visaya the other world,realm of the Dead,Hades Pv IV.87 (=pettivisaya PvA.268).--vediya to be known by others,i.e.heterodox D.II,241; Sn.474 (=parehi ñāpetabba SnA 410).--sattā (pl.) other beings A.I,255=III,17 (+parapuggalā).--suve on the day after tomorrow DhA.IV,170 (v.l.SS for pare,see para 2 c.).--sena a hostile army D.I,89=II.16= III,59=Sn.p.106 ≈ (cp.DA.I,250=SnA 450).--hattha the hand of the enemy J.I,179.--hiṁsā hurting others Pv III,73.--hita the good or welfare of others (opp.attahita) D.III,233; PvA.16,163.--hetu on account of others,through others Sn.122 (attahetu+); Pug.54.(Page 418)
Pāra,(adj.-nt.) [fr.para] 1.as adv.(°-) beyond,over,across,used as prep.with Abl.,e.g.pāra-Gaṅgāya beyond the G.S.I,207,214; SnA 228.See under cpds.-- 2.as nt.the other side,the opposite shore S.I,169,183; Sn.1059; Nd1 20 (=amataṁ nibbānaṁ); Dh.385; DhA.IV,141 aparā pāraṁ gacchati to go from this side to the other (used with ref.to this world & the world beyond) S.IV,174; A.V,4; Sn.1130; pāraṁ gavesino M.II,64=Th.1,771--3.Cases adverbially:Acc.pāraṁ see sep.; Abl.pārato from the other side Vin.II,209.-- 3.the guṇa form of para,another:see cpds.:
--atthika (pār’) wishing to cross beyond D.I,244.--ga “going beyond,” traversing,crossing,surmounting S.IV,71 (jātimaraṇassa); Sn.32,997.--gata one who has reached the opposite shore S.I,34; II,277; IV,157; A.IV,411; Sn.21,210,359; Dh.414; Vv 531 (cp.VvA.231); one who has gone over to another party Th.1,209.--gavesin looking for the other shore Dh.355; DhA.IV,80.--gāmin=gata S.I,123; A.V,232 sq.,253 sq.; DhA.II,160.--gū (a) gone beyond,i.e.passed,transcended,crossed S.I,195=Nd2 136A (dukkhassa),IV.210 (bhavassa); A.II,9 (id.); III,223; It.33 (jarāya); Dh.348.(b) gone to the end of (Gen.or.--°),reached perfection in,well-versed in,familiar with,an authority on Sn.992 (sabbadhammānaṁ),1105 (cp.Nd2 435); D.I,88 (tiṇṇaṁ vedānaṁ); DhA.III,361 (id.).--dārika an adulterer,lit.one of another’s wife S.II,259; J.III,43 (so read for para°); DhA.II,10.(Page 454)
para:[adj.] other; another; foreign; alien; outsider.
pāra,(nt.),the opposite shore; the other side.
parā:A preposition with the meaning "away","aside","back",much used in composition with verbs and their derivatives
para:ပရ (တိ)
တစ္ပါးေသာ။ လြန္ေသာ။ ေနာက္ျဖစ္ေသာ။ ေႏွာင္းေသာ။ ျမတ္ေသာ။
ပရမွိ၊ တမလြန္ဘဝ၌။ ပေရ၊ ေႏွာင္းေသာ္။ ပေရန၊ ျပင္ဘက္၌။ ျပင္ပ၌။
pāra:ပါရ (ပ) (√ပရ္+ဏ)
ကမ္းတစ္ဖက္။ ထိုမွာဘက္ကမ္း။ နိဗၺာန္ဟူေသာ ကမ္းတစ္ဖက္။
သဗၺသိပၸါနံ ပါရံ ဂႏ႖ာ၊ ခပ္သိမ္းေသာ အတတ္တို႔၏ ကမ္းတစ္ဖက္သို႔ ေရာက္၍။
pāra:ပါရ
စု = ကမၼသမာပေန-အမႈကိစၥကို ၿပီးဆုံးေစျခင္း၌။ ပါေရတိ၊ ပါရယတိ။
Pāra,【中】彼岸,另一边。pāragata,【形】达到终点的人,达到彼岸者。pāragavesī,【形】找寻终点,寻觅彼岸。pāragāmī,【阳】到彼岸去。pāragū,pāraṅgata,pārappatta,【形】已超越,经过,越过。pāralokika,【形】与另一个世界连接,未来的再生。lakkhaṇamantapāragū,精通相术。
Pāra,【 中】 彼岸,另一边。 ~gata,【 形】 达到终点的人,达到彼岸者。 ~gavesī,【形】 找寻终点,寻觅彼岸。 ~gāmī,【阳】 到彼岸去。 ~gū,~ṅgata,~ppatta,【形】 已超越,经过,越过。 ~lokika,【形】 与另一个世界连接,未来的再生。(p224)
pāra:n.a.[〃<para] 彼岸,彼方,他の.abl.pārato 彼方に,越えて.-atthika 彼岸を求める.-ga 彼岸に行く.-gata,-gāmin,-gū 彼岸に到れる.-gavesin 彼岸を求める.-dārika = paradārika 他妻と交る者.
parā:ပရာ (ဥ)
ယုတ္ျခင္း။ ႐ႈံးျခင္း။ လားျခင္း။ အားထုတ္ျခင္း။ သံုးသပ္ျခင္း။ စေသာ အနက္တို႔၌ျဖစ္ေသာ ဥပသာရပုဒ္။
ပရာဣတိ ပရိဟာနိ ပရာဇယ ဂတိ ဝိကၠမာမသနာဒီသု အေတၳသု ဝတၱတိ။ ႐ူပသိဒၶိ။
para:[〃] ① adv.prep.在對面,在~的另一邊(在~的那邊,beyond),(超)越(over),在彼方[on the further side of (with abl.or loc.)].② a.其他的(other,another),彼方的,上的(over).instr.parena 在後,之後.abl.parato 當做其他,在彼方,更加更進一步(further),在後,之後.-attha 利他,他利,他義.-ādhīna 已依存其他(人)的.-ānuddayā 對他人的憐愍.-ānuvāda 來自他人的非難,他責.-ānuvāda-bhaya 他責怖畏.-ūpaghātin 殺他人者.-ūpavāda 責難他人(blame others).-ūpahāra 給與施與他人.-kula 他家(clan of another,alien clan).-gavacaṇḍa 對他人的牛的亂暴(violent against the cows of others).-ṅkata 他作(made by something or somebody else).-citta (其)他心.-citta-kusala (其)他心善巧.-jana 敵,惡魔.-titthiya 外道.-dattūpajīvin 以他人的施與來生活的人.-dārika 姦夫.-dhammika 他法者,他宗教者.-neyya 被他人所導引的.-ntapa 使他人痛苦(折磨他人,molesting another person),苦他.-paccaya 他緣,依存其他.-pariggahita 他物.-pāṇa 其他的生物(other living beings).-puggala 其他人(other people).-putta 他人的兒子.-pessa 服侍他人(serving others,being a servant).-pessiyā 婢女.-ppavāda 異論,論爭,邪說.-bhojana 來自他人的食物(food given by others).-loka 他界,來世.-vambhin 輕蔑他人.-vāda 異教.-vādin 他論師.-vitāraṇa 使他人進入.-visaya (其)他境界.-vediya 經由他人而應被知的(to be known by others,i.e.heterodox),異端說.-sañcetanā (其)他思.-satta (其)他有情.-samaya 他宗,他宗義.-senā 敵軍.-hita 利他.heṭhanā 惱害他人.-hetu 其他人之故,因為其他人.[(譯者補充) paro loko 他世,來世(the world beyond,the world (i.e.life) to come,the beyond or future life).natthi paro loko 無他世.atthi paro loko ? n'atthi paro loko ? 有他世耶? 無他世耶?].
para:ပရ (ပ)
သူတစ္ပါး။ ရန္သူ။
para:ပရ
ဘူ = ပါလန ပူရေဏသု-ေစာင့္ေရွာက္ျခင္း,ျပည့္ေစျခင္းတို႔၌။
စု = ဂတိယံ-သြားျခင္း၌။
ဝိ+အာပုေဗၺာ = ပရိႆေမ-ပင္ပန္းစြာ အားထုတ္ျခင္း၌။
ပရတိ၊ ပေရတိ၊ ပရယတိ၊ ဗ်ာပါေရတိ။
Para,(Ved.para,parā,paraṁ),【形】1.其他的,另外的,外国的,外侨的,局外人(beyond,on the further side of (with Abl.or Loc.),over,paro and parā & cp.cpds.like paraloka)。2.他,敌(na para,无障难,无敌,无对手)。sg.Nom.paro,Acc.paraṁ,Gen.Dat.parassa,Instr.parena,Loc.paramhi,and pare; pl.Nom.pare,Acc.pare,Gen.Dat.paresaṁ,Instr.parehi。pāra,【中】。parakata【形】他人所做的。parakāra【阳】他人的行动。parajana【阳】陌生人,局外人。parattha【阳】他人的福利。paradattūpajīvī【形】依他人所施而活的。paraneyya【形】被他人引导的。parapaccaya﹐parapattiya【形】依靠他人的。parappavāda,异道持他论者(指信仰佛教以外之言论者,一般称「外道」)。parapuṭṭha﹐【形】被他人教育的。parapessa﹐【形】服务他人的。parabhāga﹐【阳】后面的部分,外部的部份。paraloka【阳】彼世。paravambhana﹐【中】他人的轻视。paravāda﹐【阳】相反的见解。paravādī﹐【阳】论争的对手。paravisaya【阳】外国,另外的王国。parasenā﹐【阳】敌军。parahatthagata﹐【形】被敌人抓住的。parahita【阳】他人的福利。parahetu﹐【副】其他的原因。1.(adv.& prep.) beyond,on the further side of (with Abl.or Loc.),over(para Gangāya,v.l.°āyaŋ).-- 2.(adj.) para follows the pron.declension; cases:sg.Nom.paro,Acc.paraŋ,Gen.Dat.parassa,Instr.parena,Loc.paramhi Sn 634,and pare; pl.Nom.pare,Acc.pare,Gen.Dat.paresaṁ,Instr.parehi.-- Meanings:(a) beyond,i.e."higher" in space (like Ved.para as opp.to avara lower),as well as "further" in time (i.e.future,to come,or also remote,past:see Loc.pare under c.),freq.in phrase paro loko the world beyond,the world (i.e.life) to come,the beyond or future life (opp.ayaŋ loko) (asmā lokā paraŋ lokaŋ na socati),(asmiŋ loke paramhi ca); (paramhi loke); (id.=paraloke); but also in other combn,like santi-para (adj.) higher than calm.Cp.paraloka,paraŋ and paro.-- (b) another,other,adj.as well as n.,pl.others(parassa dāraŋ nqtikkameyya),(paresaṁ,cp.Nd1 150); (ko paro who else),(pare others); (parassa dānaṁ); II.943 (pare,Loc.= paramhi parassa);(Gen.pl.); (paresaṁ Dat.) (parassa purisassa & paraŋ purisaŋ).Often contrasted with and opposed to attano (one’s own,oneself),(paraṁ vambheti attānaŋ ukkaŋseti);(attānaṁ samukkaṁse paraṁ avajānāti); (paresaṁ,opp.attanā); (att-attha opp.par-attha,see cpds.°ajjhāsaya & °attha).-- paro ...paro "the one ...the other" (kiŋ hi paro parassa karissati); paro paraŋ one another (paro paraŋ nikubbetha).In a special sense we find pare pl.in the meaning of "the others," i.e.outsiders,aliens (to the religion of the Buddha),enemies,opponents (like Vedic pare) (=paṭiviruddhā sattā).-- (c) some oblique cases in special meaning and used as adv.:paraṁ Acc.sg.m.see under cpds.,like parantapa; as nt.adv.see sep.In phrase puna ca paraŋ would be better read puna c’aparaŋ (see apara).--parena (Instr.) later on,afterwards (=aparena samayena C.).--pare (Loc.); in the past,before,yet earlier (where it continues ajja and hiyyo,i.e.to-day and yesterday,and refers to the day before yesterday.Similarly at Vin IV.63 pare is contrasted with ajja & hiyyo and may mean "in future," or "the day before yesterday." It is of interest to notice the Ved.use of pare as "in the future" opp.to adya & wvas); (the day before yesterday).(sve vā pare vā) and in the sense of "on the day after tomorrow." --parā (only apparently Abl.,in reality either para+a° which represents the vocalic beginning of the second part of the cpd.,or para+ā which is the directional prefix ā,emphasizing para.The latter expln is more in the spirit of the Pali language):see separately.--paro (old Abl.as adv.=Sk.paras) beyond further:see sep.--parato (Abl.) in a variety of expressions and shades of meaning,viz.(1) from another,as regards others(attano parato ca).-- (2) from the point of view of "otherness," i.e.as strange or something alien,as an enemy (in "anicca"--passage);Miln 418 and passim; in phrase parato disvā "seen as not myself"(saṅkhāre parato passa,dukkhato mā ca attato).(3) on the other side of,away from,beyond(kuḍḍānaŋ).-- (4) further,afterwards,later on.-- Note.The compounds with para° are combinations either with para 1 (adv.prep.),or para 2 (adj.n.).Those containing para in form parā and in meaning "further on to" see separately under parā°.See also pāra,pārima etc. --ajjhāsaya intent on others (opp.att°).--attha (parattha,to be distinguished from adv.parattha,q.v.sep.) the profit or welfare of another (opp.attattha).--qdhīna dependent on others(=paresu adhīno parass’eva ruciyā pavattati); (°vuttika); (°vutti,paresaṁ bhāraŋ vahanto).--ûpakkama aggression of an enemy,violence.--ûpaghāta injuring others,cruelty.--ûpaghātin killing others(=paraŋ upahananto).--ûpavāda reproaching others.--kata see paraṅkata.--kamma service of others,°kārin serving others.--kāra see below under paraṅkāra.--kula clan of another,strange or alien clan.--kkanta [para° or parā° *krānta?] walked (by another? or gone over?).--kkama (parā+kram) exertion,endeavour,effort,strife (daḷha°); (purisa°); (purisa°);; adj.(-°) sacca° one who strives after the truth.--kkamati [*parakramati] to advance,go forward,exert oneself,undertake,show courage(ger.parakkamma);(imper.parakkāma,v.l.parakkama)(=payogaŋ karoti).--kkaroti [either for parā+kr or more likely paras+kr,cp.paro] lit."to put on the opposite side," i.e.to remove,do away with(corresponding to apaneti,C.explns as "parato kāreti," taking parato in the sense of para 2 c 3),(mā parākari=mā pariccaji C.).--gatta alien body,trsl."limbs that are not thou".--gavacaṇḍa violent against the cows of another (opp.sakagavacaṇḍa,cp.PugA 226:yo attano gogaṇaŋ ghaṭṭeti,paragogaṇe pana so rato sukhasīlo hoti etc.).--(n)kata made by something or somebody else,extra-self,extraneous,alien(nayidaŋ attakataŋ bimbaŋ nayidaŋ parakataŋ aghaŋ); with ref.to loka & dukkha and opposed to sayaṅkata.--(n)kāra condition of otherness,other people,alienity(opp.ahaṅkara 自我selfhood).--citta the mind or heart of others.--jana a stranger,enemy,demon,fig.devil (cp.Sk.itarajana) --tthaddha [parā+tthaddha] propped against,founded on,relying on (with Loc.) (=upatthadda C.).--tthabbha is to be read for °tthambha at,in meaning=°tthaddha (kismiŋ).--dattûpajīvin living on what is given by others,dependent on another’s gift.--davutta see sep.under parada --dāra the wife of another,somebody else’s wife (°sevanā) (°upasevin,cp.DhA III.482); (°kamma).--dārika (better to be read as pāra°) an adulterer.--dhammika "of someone else’s norm," one who follows the teaching of another,i.e.of an heretic teacher (Nd1 485:p° ā vuccanti satta sahadhammika ṭhapetvā ye keci Buddhe appasannā,dhamme appannā,saṅghe appasannā).--niṭṭhita made ready by others S I.236.--nimmita "created by another," in °vasavattin having power under control of another,N.of a class of Devas (see deva).--neyya to be led by another,under another’s rule (=parapattiya parapaccaya).--(n)tapa worrying or molesting another person (opp.attantapa).--pāṇa other living beings.--puggala other people.--putta somebody else’s son.
para:[〃] ① adv.prep.向うに,越えて,彼方に.② a.他の,彼方の,上の.instr.parena 後に.abl.parato 他として,彼方に,さらに,後に.-attha 利他,他利,他義.-ādhīna 他に依存せる.-ānuddayā 他への憐愍.-ānuvāda 他からの非難,他責.-ānuvāda-bhaya 他責畏.-ūpaghātin 他を殺す者.-ūpavāda 他の非難.-ūpahāra 他所与.-kula 他家.-gavacaṇḍa 他の牛への乱暴.-ṅkata 他作.-citta 他心.-citta-kusala 他心善巧.-jana 敵,悪魔.titthiya 外道.-dattūpajīvin 他の施で生活する人.-dārika 姦夫.-dhammika 他法者,他宗教者.-neyya 他に導かれる.-ntapa 他を苦しめる,苦他.-paccaya 他縁,他に依存する.-pariggahita 他物.-pāṇa 他の生物.-puggala 他の人々.-putta他人の子.-pessa 他に仕える.-pessiyā 婢女.-ppavāda 異論,論争,邪説.-bhojana 他からの食物.-loka 他界,来世.-vambhin 他を軽蔑する.-vāda 異教.-vādin 他論師.-vitāraṇa 他が入らしむ.-visaya 他境界.-vediya 他によって知らるべき,異端説.-sañcetanā 他思.-satta 他有情.-samaya 他宗,他宗義.-senā 敵軍.-hita 利他.heṭhanā 他を害する.-hetu 他人のために.