Từ điển Pāḷi

nhập từ Pāḷi

nhập từ Tiếng Việt

nhập từ Tiếng Anh

Xem theo bảng chữ cái

Kết quả tìm cho từ Paramī

PTS Pali-English dictionary - The Pali Text Society's Pali-English dictionary

Pāramī

Pāramī，（f．） [abstr．fr．parama，cp．BSk．mantrāṇāṁ pāramiṁ gata Divy 637] completeness，perfection，highest state Sn．1018，1020； Pug．70； DhA．I，5； VvA．2 （sāvakañāṇa°）； PvA．139； Sdhp．328．In later literature there is mentioned a group of 10 perfections （dasa pāramiyo） as the perfect exercise of the 10 principal virtues by a Bodhisatta，viz．dāna°，sīla°，nekkhamma°，paññā°，viriya°，khanti°，sacca°，adhiṭṭhāna°，mettā°，upekhā° J．I，73； DhA．I，84．

--ppatta （pārami°） having attained perfection M．III，28； Nd² 435； Miln．21 22； cp．Miln．trsl．I．34．（Page 454）

Concise Pali-English Dictionary by A.P. Buddhadatta Mahathera

Pāramī

pāramī：[f．] completeness； perfection．

Buddhist Dictionary by NYANATILOKA MAHATHERA

Paramī

paramī，= pāramitā： 'perfection'．Ten qualities leading to Buddhahood：（1） perfection in giving （or liberality； dāna-pāramī），（2） morality （sīla-pāramī），（3） renunciation （nekkhamma-pāramī），（4） wisdom （paññā-pāramī），（5） energy （viriya-pāramī），（6） patience （or forbearance； khanti-pāramī），（7） truthfulness （sacca-pāramī），（8） resolution （adhiṭṭhāna-pāramī），（9） loving-kindness （mettā-pāramī）（10） equanimity （upekkhā-pāramī）．

These qualities were developed and brought to maturity by the Bodhisatta in his past existences，and his way of practising them is illustrated in many of the Birth Stories （Jātaka），of which，however，only the verses are regarded as canonical．Apart from the latter，the 10 pāramī are mentioned in only two other canonical works which are probably apocryphal，the Buddhavaṃsa （in the Story of Sumedha） and the Cariya-piṭaka．A long and methodical exposition of the pāramī is given in the concluding Miscellaneous Section （pakiṇṇakakathā） of the Com．to Cariya-piṭaka （untranslated）．

In Vis．M．IX it is said that through developing the 4 sublime states （loving-kindness，compassion，altruistic joy，equanimity； s．brahma-vihāra），one may reach these 10 perfections，namely：

＂As the Great Beings （mahā-satta； a synonym often found in the Mahāyana scriptures for Bodhisatta （q．v．），i．e．'Enlightenment Being or Being destined for Buddhahood） are concerned about the welfare of living beings，not tolerating the suffering of beings，wishing long duration to the higher states of happiness of beings，and being impartial and just to all beings，therefore （1） they give alms （dāna，q．v．） to all beings so that they may be happy，without Investigating whether they are worthy or not．（2） By avoiding to do them any harm，they observe morality （sīla q．v．）．（3） In order to bring morality to perfection，they train themselves in renunciation （nekkhamma）．（4） In order to understand clearly what is beneficial and injurious to beings，they purify their wisdom （paññā）．（5） For the sake of the welfare and happiness of others they constantly exert their energy （viriya）．（6） Though having become heroes through utmost energy，they are nevertheless full of forbearance （khanti ） toward s the manifold failings of beings ．（7） Once they have promised to give or do something，they do not break their promise （'truthfulness'； sacca）．（8） With unshakable resolution （adhiṭṭhāna） they work for the weal and welfare of beings．（9） With unshakable kindness （mettā） they are helpful to all．（10） By reason of their equanimity （upekkhā） they do not expect anything in return＂（Vis．M．IX．24）．

In the Mahāyana scriptures，where the pāramī occupy a much more prominent place，a partly differing list of six is given：liberality，morality，patience，energy，meditation．and wisdom．

Literature：Ten Jataka Stories （illustrating the 10 pāramī），by I．B．Horner （London 1957，Luzac & Co．）； Buddhavaṃsa & Cariya-piṭaka．tr．by I．B．Horner （Minor Anthologies III，Sacred Books of the Buddhists．PTS）．- Nārada Thera，The Buddha & His Teachings，Ch．41； pāramī （BPS） - The treatise on the perfections from the Com．to Cariya-piṭaka has been translated in The Discourse on the All-Embracing Net of Views （Brahmajala Sutta，with Com．）．tr．by Bhikkhu Bodhi （BPS）．

Buddhist Dictionary by NYANATILOKA MAHATHERA

Pāramī

Pāramī：（and pāramitā） Only the Com．deals with this subject，apart from the 3 apocryphal works，Buddhavaṃsa and Cariyapiṭaka，and the Jātaka．

Pali-Dictionary Vipassana Research Institute

Pāramī

pāramī：Completeness，perfection，highest state

U Hau Sein’s Pāḷi-Myanmar Dictionary ပါဠိျမန္မာ အဘိဓာန္(ဦးဟုတ္စိန္)

Pāramī

pāramī：ပါရမီ （ဣ）（ပရမ+ဏီ）
အထြတ္အျမတ္။ ျမတ္ေသာသူ၏အျဖစ္（ပရမာနံ ဘာေဝါ）။ အလွဴေပးျခင္းစေသာ ႀကိယာ（ဒါနာဒိႀကိယာ）။

四念住课程开示集要巴利语字汇（葛印卡）

Pārami

pārami：波罗蜜

巴利文-汉文佛学名相辞汇翻译：张文明

Pārami

Pārami：波罗密；完美的；至高成就的

パーリ语辞典日本水野弘元

Pāramī

pāramī：f．[＜parama] pl．pāramiyo．最高なるもの，波羅蜜．-patta 波羅蜜に達せる．-saṅgha 波羅蜜僧伽．

巴利语汇解&巴利新音译玛欣德尊者

Pāramī

pāramī：巴拉密，（古音译：）波罗蜜多，播罗弭多

(Dữ liệu từ điển được lấy từ Pali Canon E-Dictionary Version 1.94 và được cộng đồng đóng góp)

PTS Pali-English dictionary - The Pali Text Society's Pali-English dictionary

Concise Pali-English Dictionary by A.P. Buddhadatta Mahathera

Buddhist Dictionary by NYANATILOKA MAHATHERA

Buddhist Dictionary by NYANATILOKA MAHATHERA

Pali-Dictionary Vipassana Research Institute

U Hau Sein’s Pāḷi-Myanmar Dictionary ပါဠိျမန္မာ အဘိဓာန္(ဦးဟုတ္စိန္)

四念住课程开示集要巴利语字汇（葛印卡）

巴利文-汉文佛学名相辞汇 翻译：张文明

パーリ语辞典 日本水野弘元

巴利语汇解&巴利新音译 玛欣德尊者

巴利文-汉文佛学名相辞汇翻译：张文明

パーリ语辞典日本水野弘元

巴利语汇解&巴利新音译玛欣德尊者