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PTS Pali-English dictionary - The Pali Text Society's Pali-English dictionary
Pāramī,(f.) [abstr.fr.parama,cp.BSk.mantrāṇāṁ pāramiṁ gata Divy 637] completeness,perfection,highest state Sn.1018,1020; Pug.70; DhA.I,5; VvA.2 (sāvakañāṇa°); PvA.139; Sdhp.328.In later literature there is mentioned a group of 10 perfections (dasa pāramiyo) as the perfect exercise of the 10 principal virtues by a Bodhisatta,viz.dāna°,sīla°,nekkhamma°,paññā°,viriya°,khanti°,sacca°,adhiṭṭhāna°,mettā°,upekhā° J.I,73; DhA.I,84.
Concise Pali-English Dictionary by A.P. Buddhadatta Mahathera
pāramī:[f.] completeness; perfection.
Buddhist Dictionary by NYANATILOKA MAHATHERA
paramī,= pāramitā: 'perfection'.Ten qualities leading to Buddhahood:(1) perfection in giving (or liberality; dāna-pāramī),(2) morality (sīla-pāramī),(3) renunciation (nekkhamma-pāramī),(4) wisdom (paññā-pāramī),(5) energy (viriya-pāramī),(6) patience (or forbearance; khanti-pāramī),(7) truthfulness (sacca-pāramī),(8) resolution (adhiṭṭhāna-pāramī),(9) loving-kindness (mettā-pāramī) (10) equanimity (upekkhā-pāramī).
These qualities were developed and brought to maturity by the Bodhisatta in his past existences,and his way of practising them is illustrated in many of the Birth Stories (Jātaka),of which,however,only the verses are regarded as canonical.Apart from the latter,the 10 pāramī are mentioned in only two other canonical works which are probably apocryphal,the Buddhavaṃsa (in the Story of Sumedha) and the Cariya-piṭaka.A long and methodical exposition of the pāramī is given in the concluding Miscellaneous Section (pakiṇṇakakathā) of the Com.to Cariya-piṭaka (untranslated).
In Vis.M.IX it is said that through developing the 4 sublime states (loving-kindness,compassion,altruistic joy,equanimity; s.brahma-vihāra),one may reach these 10 perfections,namely:
"As the Great Beings (mahā-satta; a synonym often found in the Mahāyana scriptures for Bodhisatta (q.v.),i.e.'Enlightenment Being or Being destined for Buddhahood) are concerned about the welfare of living beings,not tolerating the suffering of beings,wishing long duration to the higher states of happiness of beings,and being impartial and just to all beings,therefore (1) they give alms (dāna,q.v.) to all beings so that they may be happy,without Investigating whether they are worthy or not.(2) By avoiding to do them any harm,they observe morality (sīla q.v.).(3) In order to bring morality to perfection,they train themselves in renunciation (nekkhamma).(4) In order to understand clearly what is beneficial and injurious to beings,they purify their wisdom (paññā).(5) For the sake of the welfare and happiness of others they constantly exert their energy (viriya).(6) Though having become heroes through utmost energy,they are nevertheless full of forbearance (khanti ) toward s the manifold failings of beings .(7) Once they have promised to give or do something,they do not break their promise ('truthfulness'; sacca).(8) With unshakable resolution (adhiṭṭhāna) they work for the weal and welfare of beings.(9) With unshakable kindness (mettā) they are helpful to all.(10) By reason of their equanimity (upekkhā) they do not expect anything in return" (Vis.M.IX.24).
In the Mahāyana scriptures,where the pāramī occupy a much more prominent place,a partly differing list of six is given:liberality,morality,patience,energy,meditation.and wisdom.
Literature:Ten Jataka Stories (illustrating the 10 pāramī),by I.B.Horner (London 1957,Luzac & Co.); Buddhavaṃsa & Cariya-piṭaka.tr.by I.B.Horner (Minor Anthologies III,Sacred Books of the Buddhists.PTS).- Nārada Thera,The Buddha & His Teachings,Ch.41; pāramī (BPS) - The treatise on the perfections from the Com.to Cariya-piṭaka has been translated in The Discourse on the All-Embracing Net of Views (Brahmajala Sutta,with Com.).tr.by Bhikkhu Bodhi (BPS) .
Buddhist Dictionary by NYANATILOKA MAHATHERA
Pāramī:(and pāramitā) Only the Com.deals with this subject,apart from the 3 apocryphal works,Buddhavaṃsa and Cariyapiṭaka,and the Jātaka.