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Kết quả tìm cho từ Uposatha

Pali Viet Dictionary - Bản dịch của ngài Bửu Chơn

Uposatha

UPOSATHA：[m] ngày bát quan trai giới，sự thọ trì tám giới，ngày đọc giới bổn Tỳ kheo trong nửa tháng một lần --kamma [nt] sự thọ trì bát quan trai hay tăng sự lễ phát lộ --agārā [nt] simā chỗ làm lễ phát lộ --thika [a] người thọ bát quan trai

Pali Viet Vinaya Terms - Từ điển các thuật ngữ về luật do tỳ khưu Giác Nguyên sưu tầm

Uposatha

uposatha：hán dịch là trưởng tịnhthật ra đây là một thuật ngữ đã được dùng rộng rãi tại Ấn độ trước khi đức phật ra đời，chỉ chung những ngày trai tịnh kiêng khem của tín đồ các tôn giáo sau đó，chữ này được đức phật dùng để chỉ các ngày bát quan trai của cư sĩ và hai ngày bố tát của tăng ni vào hôm rằm và bữa cuối tháng ngoài ý nghĩa tịnh hóa giới hạnh bản thân mỗi tăng ni，nghi thức phát lộ hay bố tát còn là cơ hội để tăng ni xác định，siết chặt sự đoàn kết thông qua việc họp mặt nhau trên cùng một lễ đàn trong tự viện hay rừng sâu，sau hai lần tuyên ngôn với một chuẩn bị tối thiểu nhưng vừa có ý nghĩa tinh thần mà cũng rất thực dụng là một bầu nước sạch cùng một ngọn đèn được thắp sáng lễ đàn này chỉ gồm toàn các tỳ khưu thanh tịnh những vị đang chịu phạt và bất cứ ai chưa thọ giới cụ túc cũng không được tham dự tăng sự này ni chúng tuyệt đối không được góp mặt trong lễ bố tát của riêng tăng chúng những đối tượng bị đặt ngoài lễ bố tát của tăng ni được gọi chung là vajjanī+yapuggala （người bị loại trừ）ss

PTS Pali-English dictionary - The Pali Text Society's Pali-English dictionary

Uposatha

Uposatha，[Vedic upavasatha，the eve of the Soma sacrifice，day of preparation]．At the time of the rise of Buddhism the word had come to mean the day preceding four stages of the moon’s waxing and waning，viz．1^st，8^th，15^th，23^d nights of the lunar month that is to say，a weekly sacred day，a Sabbath．These days were utilized by the pre-Buddhistic reforming communities for the expounding of their views，Vin．I，101．The Buddhists adopted this practice and on the 15^th day of the half-month held a chapter of the Order to expound their dhamma，ib．102．They also utilized one or other of these Up．days for the recitation of the Pāṭimokkha （pāṭimokkhuddesa），ibid．On Up．days laymen take upon themselves the Up．vows，that is to say，the eight Sīlas，during the day．See Sīla．The day in the middle of the month is called cātudassiko or paṇṇarasiko according as the month is shorter or longer．The reckoning is not by the month （māsa），but by the half-month （pakkha），so the twenty-third day is simply aṭṭhamī，the same as the eighth day．There is an accasional Up．called sāmaggi-uposatho，“reconciliation-Up．”，which is held when a quarrel among the fraternity has been made up，the Gen．confession forming as it were a seal to the reconciliation （Vin．V，123； Mah．42）．-- Vin．I，111，112，175，177； II，5，32，204，276； III，164，169； D．III，60，61，145，147； A．I，205 sq．（3 uposathas：gopālaka°，nigaṇṭha°，ariya°），208 （dhamm°），211 （devatā°）； IV，248 （aṭṭhaṅga-samannāgata），258 sq．（id．），276，388 （navah aṅgehi upavuttha）； V，83； Sn．153 （pannaraso u）； Vbh．422； Vism．227 （°sutta = A．I，206 sq．）； Sdhp．439； DA．I，139； SnA 199； VvA．71，109； PvA．66，201．-- The hall or chapel in the monastery in which the Pāṭimokkha is recited is called uposathaggaṁ （Vin．III，66），or °āgāraṁ （Vin．I，107； DhA．II，49）．The Up．service is called °kamma （Vin．I，102； V，142； J．I，232； III，342，444； DhA．I，205）．uposathaṁ karoti to hold the Up．service （Vin．I，107，175，177； J．I，425）．Keeping the Sabbath （by laymen） is called uposathaṁ upavasati （A．I，142，144，205，208； IV，248； see upavasati），or uposathavāsaṁ vasati （J．V，177）．The ceremony of a layman taking upon himself the eight sīlas is called uposathaṁ samādiyati （see sīlaṁ & samādiyati）； uposatha-sīla observance of the Up．（VvA．71）．The Up．day or Sabbath is also called uposatha-divasa （J．III，52）．（Page 150）

Concise Pali-English Dictionary by A.P. Buddhadatta Mahathera

Uposatha

uposatha：[m．] Sabbath day； observance of 8 precepts； biweekly recitation of the Vinaya rules by a chapter of Buddhist monks．

Buddhist Dictionary by NYANATILOKA MAHATHERA

Uposatha

uposatha：lit．'fasting'，i．e．'fasting day'，is the full-moon day，the new-moon day，and the two days of the first and last moonquarters．On full-moon and new-moon days，the Disciplinary Code，the Pātimokkha，is read before the assembled community of monks （bhikkhu），while on the mentioned 4 moon-days many of the faithful lay devotees go to visit the monasteries，and there take upon themselves the observance of the 8 rules （attha-sīla； sikkhāpada）．See A．VIII，41ff．

Buddhist Dictionary of Pali Proper Names by G P Malalasekera

Uposathā

Uposathā：A pious lay-devotee of Sāketa．She did many deeds of merit，and was born in Tāvatimsa，her abode being known as the Uposatha-vimāna．It is said that she was known in Sāketa as Uposatha，because of the life she led．She expresses to Moggallāna her remorse that she should have desired to be born in Nandana-vana，instead of listening to the Buddha’s teaching and putting an end to all birth．Vv．20f； VvA．115f．

Buddhist Dictionary of Pali Proper Names by G P Malalasekera

Uposatha

Uposatha：1．Uposatha．-King，son of Varakalyāna and an ancestor of the Sākyan tribe．His son was Mandhātā （Dpv．iii．4）．He was one of the kings at the beginning of the kappa （J．ii．311； iii．454）．In the Dīgha Commentary （DA．i．258） he is given as the son of Varamandhātā and the father of Cara．In the northern texts he is called Uposadha．Mtu．i．348； Divy．210．

2．Uposatha．-The name of the Elephant-Treasure of the CakkavattiMahāsudassana．He was ”all white，sevenfold firm （sattappatittha），wonderful in power，flying through the sky．” （D．ii．174； M．iii．173f）．In the Lalita Vistara his name is given as Bodhi．

Uposatha is also the name of a tribe of elephants，the ninth in a series of ten tribes，of ascending importance （DA．ii．573； UdA．403）．It is said that a cakkavatti’s elephant belongs either to the Chaddanta tribe or to the Uposatha．If a Chaddanta elephant comes to a cakkavatti，it is the youngest of the tribe that comes，if an Uposatha elephant，then it will be the foremost （DA．ii．624； J．iv．232，234； KhA．172）．When the cakkavatti dies，the elephant goes back to his fellows （DA．ii．635）．The strength of an Uposatha elephant is equal to that of one thousand million men （BuA．37）．In the Milindapañha （p．282），the king of the Uposatha elephants is described as being gentle and handsome，eight cubits in height and nine in girth and length，chewing signs of rut in three places on his body，all white，sevenfold-firm．Just as this elephant could never be put into a cow-pen or covered with a saucer，so could no one keep as slaves the children of Vessantara．

3．Uposatha．-Known as Uposatha-kumāra．The eldest of the ninety nine brothers of Samvara，king of Benares．When Samvara ascended the throne，his brothers protested and laid siege to his city； but Uposatha，having discovered by means of questions put to Samvara，that he was in character by far the best suited for kingship，persuaded the others to renounce their claims to the throne．Uposatha is identified with Sāriputta．J．iv．133ff．

Pali Word Grammar from Pali Myanmar Dictionary

Uposatha

uposatha： uposatha（pu）
ဥေပါသထ（ပု）
«upa+usa+tha．upa+vasa+atha．nīti，dhā，184．，7．86．uposathakulejātattā uposatho，upagantvā arayo usatīti uposatho，tho．usa dāhe，upapubbo vasa nivāse vā，vasso．，ṭī．361»
[ဥပ+ဥသ+ထ။ ဥပ+ဝသ+အထ။ နီတိ၊ ဓာ၊ ၁၈၄။ ေမာဂ္၊၇။၈၆။ ဥေပါသထကုေလဇာတတၱာ ဥေပါသေထာ၊ ဥပဂႏ႖ာ အရေယာ ဥသတီတိ ဥေပါသေထာ၊ ေထာ။ ဥသ ဒါေဟ၊ ဥပပုေဗၺာ ဝသ နိဝါေသ ဝါ၊ ဝေႆာ။ ဓာန္၊ ဋီ။ ၃၆၁]

Tipiṭaka Pāḷi-Myanmar Dictionary တိပိဋက-ပါဠိျမန္မာ အဘိဓာန္

Uposatha

uposatha：ဥေပါသထ（ပု）
[ဥပ+ဥသ+ထ။ ဥပ+ဝသ+အထ။ နီတိ၊ ဓာ၊ ၁၈၄။ ေမာဂ္၊၇။၈၆။ ဥေပါသထကုေလဇာတတၱာ ဥေပါသေထာ၊ ဥပဂႏ႖ာ အရေယာ ဥသတီတိ ဥေပါသေထာ၊ ေထာ။ ဥသ ဒါေဟ၊ ဥပပုေဗၺာ ဝသ နိဝါေသ ဝါ၊ ဝေႆာ။ ဓာန္၊ ဋီ။ ၃၆၁]
（၁） ဥေပါသထဆင္မ်ိဳး။ （၂） ပါတိေမာက္-ရြတ္ဆို-ရြတ္ျပ-ျခင္း၊ ဥပုသ္ကံျပဳျခင္း၊ ဥပုသ္ကံ။ （၃） အ႒ဂၤသီလ （အဂၤါရွစ္ပါးရွိေသာ ဥပုသ္သီလ၊ ရွစ္ပါးသီလ။ （၄） ဥပုသ္-အ႒ဂၤသီလ ေစာင့္သုံးျခင္း။ （၅） ဥပုသ္ေန႔။ （၆） ဥေပါသထဆင္။ （တိ）（၇） ဥေပါသထမည္သူ။ （၁） ဥေပါသထဆင္မ်ိဳး။ ေထာင့္ကြင္းၾကည့္။ ဥေပါသထကုလ-ၾကည့္။ （၂） ပါတိေမာက္-ရြတ္ဆို-ရြတ္ျပ-ျခင္း၊ ဥပုသ္ကံ ျပဳျခင္း၊ ဥပုသ္ကံ။မူရင္းၾကည့္ပါ။

U Hau Sein’s Pāḷi-Myanmar Dictionary ပါဠိျမန္မာ အဘိဓာန္(ဦးဟုတ္စိန္)

Uposatha

uposatha：ဥေပါသထ （ပ）（ဥပ√ဝသ္+အထ）
ရတနာသံုးပါးကို ဆည္းကပ္၍ သီတင္းသံုးျခင္း။ ရွစ္ပါးသီလကို ထိန္းျခင္း။ ပါတိေမာက္ကို ျပဳျခင္း （ပါတိေမာကၡဳေဒၵသ）။ ဥပုသ္။ ဥေပါသထဆင္။
ဥေပါသထတၳာယ၊ ဥပုသ္ျပဳျခင္းအက်ိဳးငွာ။ သာမဂၢီဥေပါသထ၊ ရဟန္းတို႔ တစ္ဖန္ သင့္ျမတ္ညီၫြတ္ေစေၾကာင္းျပဳေသာ ဥပုသ္။ တဒုေပါသေထ ပႏၷရေသ၊ တစ္ဆယ့္ငါးရက္ေျမာက္ေသာ ထိုဥပုသ္ေန႔၌။

巴利文-汉文佛学名相辞汇翻译：张文明

Uposatha

Uposatha：布萨

《巴汉词典》明法尊者增订

Uposatha

Uposatha，posatha，（梵（u）posatha、upavasatha，‹upa近+vas住），【阳】布萨，斋戒日，遵守八戒（At the time of the rise of Buddhism the word had come to mean the day preceding four stages of the moon’s waxing and waning，viz．1st，8th，15th，23d nights of the lunar month that is to say，a weekly sacred day，a Sabbath．）；佛教比丘每半个月（阴历十五（full moon望日）与阴历二九（或三十）（朔日）诵波罗提木叉戒与斋戒的日子）诵波罗提木叉（比丘守则）。uposathakamma，【中】布萨业，遵守布萨（戒）。uposathagga，【中】布萨堂（The hall or chapel in the monastery in which the Pāṭimokkha is recited （Vin．III，66））。aṭṭhaṅga-samannāgata uposatha﹐八关斋法（八支具足布萨（戒））。〈根本布萨经〉（A．III，70．Mūluposatha Sutta）记载，佛陀为毘舍佉详细解释牧牛者的布萨、尼乾外道的布萨、圣者的布萨三种布萨的不同。佛陀於此经开示，圣者的布萨是要藉由随念如来、法、僧、戒、与天的修持，而使心清净且断烦恼。另外，在〈根本布萨经〉、〈布萨经〉Uposatha Sutta〈A．VIII，41〉与〈毘舍佉布萨经〉Visakhuposatha Sutta〈VIII，43〉，佛陀又为比丘与毘舍佉解释，圣弟子如何成就八分布萨，而得大果与利益。求戒者向比丘念求受三皈依八戒文：Ahaṁ，bhante，tisaraṇena saddhiṁ uposatha-a??haṅgasīlaṁ dhammaṁ yācāmi．我尊者三皈依与布萨八 | 支 | 戒法我乞求阿亨盘蝶帝沙拉涅那沙丁乌婆沙它阿它葛西囊汤忙亚遮咪大德，我乞求三皈依和八戒法。（第二、三遍，念诵同文，或开头加上︰Dutiyam’pi（第二遍），Tatiyam’pi（第三遍））正授八戒念诵文：1．Pāṇātipātā veramaṇī-sikkhāpadaṁ samādiyāmi．有息者| 杀离学处我受持（pāṇā有息者+atipātā杀） atipāta “falling on to”； attack slaying 巴那帝巴大唯腊妈尼昔卡巴当三妈地呀密（我受持离杀生戒）2．A-dinnādānā veramaṇī-sikkhāpadaṁ samādiyāmi．不给予+拿起（ādānā）离学处我受持阿地那他那唯腊妈尼昔卡巴当三妈地呀密（我受持离偷盗戒）3．A-brahma-cariyā veramaṇī-sikkhāpadaṁ samādiyāmi．非梵、净行为离学处我受持阿巴拉妈喳里呀唯腊妈尼昔卡巴当三妈地呀密我受持离非梵行戒）4．Musā-vādā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ samādiyāmi．虚妄语离学处我受持木沙哇他唯腊妈尼昔卡巴当三妈地呀密（我受持离妄语戒）5．Surā-meraya-majja-pamāda-ṭṭhānā veramaṇī-sikkhāpadaṁ samādiyāmi．须罗酒迷罗耶酒烈酒（令）放逸（依）处离学处我受持稣拉美拉呀妈车巴妈达它那唯腊妈尼昔卡巴当三妈地呀密（我受持离饮酒戒）6．Vi-kāla-bhojanā veramaṇī-sikkhāpadaṁ samādiyāmi．非时食离学处我受持唯卡了婆喳那唯腊妈尼昔卡巴当三妈地呀密（我受持离非时食戒）7．Nacca-gīta-vādita-visūka-dassanā mālā-gandha-vilepana-dhāraṇa-maṇḍana- 舞蹈唱歌奏乐戏剧看花鬘薰香涂油受持化妆纳这吉得哇地得唯稣格达色纳妈拉干得唯累伯纳达腊纳曼他纳vibhūsana-ṭṭhānā veramaṇī-sikkhāpadaṁ samādiyāmi．装饰处离学处我受持唯不色纳他那唯腊妈尼昔卡巴当三妈地呀密（我受持离跳舞、唱歌、奏乐、看戏，及离以花鬘、香水、涂油、化妆、装饰戒。）8．Uccā-sayana-mahā-sayanā veramaṇī-sikkhāpadaṁ samādiyāmi．高床大（=豪华）床离学处我受持屋喳沙呀纳妈哈沙呀纳唯腊妈尼昔卡巴当三妈地呀密（我受持离（坐卧）高床、大床戒。）受五戒者，第3条改念此条戒︰3．Kāmesu micchācārā veramaṇī-sikkhāpadaṁ samādiyāmi．淫欲邪 | 行离学处我受持葛美舒米恰遮拉唯腊妈尼昔卡巴当三妈地呀密（我受持离邪淫戒）受十戒者多念此条戒︰Jātarūpa-rajata-paṭiggahaṇā veramaṇī-sikkhāpadaṁ samādiyāmi．金银接受、拿取离学处我受持者搭鲁巴拉者搭巴低葛哈那唯腊妈尼昔卡巴当三妈地呀密（我受持离金银戒。）

《巴汉词典》Mahāñāṇo Bhikkhu编著

Uposatha

Uposatha，【阳】布萨，斋戒日，遵守八戒，佛教比丘每半个月诵波罗提木叉。 ~kamma，【中】布萨业，遵守布萨。【中】布萨堂。（p77）

巴利语汇解&巴利新音译玛欣德尊者

Uposatha

uposatha：（律学名词）伍波萨他，（古音译：）布萨，布沙他

巴利语汇解&巴利新音译玛欣德尊者

Uposatha

uposatha：伍波萨他。巴利语的音译。该词源于梵语upavasatha。若从词源学的角度来分析，upavasatha 由 upa （近，随） + vas（住） + atha组成，直译为“近住”，即在特定的日子里持斋戒的意思。[ ☞该词的佛教梵语被写作poùadha， posatha或upoùadha，所以古代将之音译为布萨、布洒他、褒洒陀、逋沙他等。若准此，则poùadha = poùa （长养，养育） + dha （净），有长养、长养净、增长等义。因此，北传的poùadha在词、音、义等皆与巴利语uposatha有所不同。]
伍波萨他有三种意思：
1．一个月当中特定的日期——斋日
古印度的历法属于太阴历，一年分十二个月，月份按月亮绕地球运转的周期推算。推算方法是从每个月圆日的第二天明相出现（aruṇuggamana，黎明）时开始算起，到下一个月圆日的第二天明相出现为止结束[ 与中国农历不同的是：农历从每月的朔日（初一）算起，而古印度历则是从十六日算起。]，约三十天（小月为二十九天）的时间为一个月。如此，每个月又可分为两个半月：从月圆日翌日开始到月黑日为“黑月”，从月黑日翌日开始到月圆日为“白月”。其中，月黑日与月圆日两天皆称为“十五日”（paṇṇarasika）。若遇小月，月黑日也可以在十四日。于是，在每半个月中，第八日、第十四和第十五日皆称为“伍波萨他日”或“斋日”（uposatha-divasa）。斋日的日期约相当于中国夏历的初八、十四、十五、二十三、廿九与三十日。
2．在家居士所持守的学处之一——八戒
自从佛陀在世时开始，在家居士就有于每个月的斋日来到塔寺，亲近僧团，听闻佛法，受持八戒的传统。由于八戒多数是在“伍波萨他日”受持的，所以称为“具足八支（条）的伍波萨他戒法”（aṭṭhaṅga samannāgata uposatha-sīla dhamma）。[ 北传佛教也作八关斋戒、八戒斋。只要条件许可，居士可以在任何时候受持“伍波萨他八戒”，而非特定要在斋日才能受持。]
3．僧团举行的甘马之一——诵戒
佛陀规定：比库僧应在每个月的月圆日和月黑日两天举行伍波萨他。在这一天，共住同一界内的所有比库僧应齐集界场，举行伍波萨他甘马（uposatha kamma），念诵戒本《巴帝摩卡》（pātimokkhuddesa）。

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Uposatha

uposatha：m．[Sk．upavasatha，BSk．upoṣadha，poṣadha，posatha] 布薩，齋戒，説戒，齋日．-aṅga 布薩支，八齋戒．-kamma 布薩羯磨．-gga，-āgāra，-ghara 布薩堂．

汉译パーリ语辞典黃秉榮譯

Uposatha

uposatha：m．[Sk．upavasatha，BSk．upoṣadha，poṣadha，posatha] 布薩，齋戒，說戒，齋日．-aṅga 布薩支，八齋戒．-kamma 布薩羯磨．-gga，-āgāra，-ghara 布薩堂．

(Dữ liệu từ điển được lấy từ Pali Canon E-Dictionary Version 1.94 và được cộng đồng đóng góp)

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