Utu
Utu,(m.& nt.) [Vedic ṛtu special or proper time,with adj.ṛta straight,right,rite,ṛti manner to Lat.ars “art”,Gr.damar(t),further Lat.rītus (rite),Ags.rīm number; of *ar to fit in,adjust etc.q.v.under appeti] -- 1.(lit.) (a) (good or proper) time,season:aruṇa-utu occasion or time of the sun(-rise) DhA.I,165; utuṁ gaṇhāti to watch for the right time (in horoscopic practice),to prognosticate ibid.sarīraṁ utuṁ gaṇhāpeti “to cause the body to take season”,i.e.to refresh the body by cool,sleep,washing etc.J.III,527; DA.I,252.-- (b) yearly change,time of the year,season Vism.128.There are usually three seasons men‹-› tioned,viz.the hot,rainy and wintry season or gimha, vassa & hemanta A.IV,138; SnA 317.Six seasons (in connection with nakkhatta) at J.V,330 & VI,524.Often utu is to be understood,as in hemantikena (scil.utunā) in the wintry season S.V,51.-- (c) the menses SnA 317; J.V,330 (utusinātāya read utusi nhātāya; utusi Loc.as expld. by C.pupphe uppanne utumhi nahātāya).-- 2.(applied in a philosophical sense:one of the five fold cosmic order,physical change,physical law of causation (opp.kamma),physical order:see Asl.272 f.; Dialogues,II,8,n.; Kvu trsln. 207; cp.Mrs.Rh.D.Buddhism,p.119 f.Cpd.161,Dhs.trsln. introd.XVII; & cp.cpds.So in connection with kamma at Vism.451,614; J.VI,105 (kamma-paccayena utunā samuṭṭhitā Veraraṇī); perhaps also at Miln.410 (megha ututo samuṭṭhahitvā).
--āhāra physical nutriment (cp.Dhs.trsln. 174) PvA.148.--ûpasevanā seasonable activity,pursuit (of activities) according to the seasons,observance of the seasons Sn.249 (= gimhe ātapa-ṭṭhāna-sevanā vasse rukkha-mūla-sevanā hemante jalappavesa-sevanā SnA 291).--kāla seasonable,favourable time (of the year) Vin.I,299; II,173.--ja produced by the seasons or by physical change Miln.268 (kamma°,hetu°,utu°); Vism.451.--nibbatta coming to existence through physical causes Miln.268.--pamāṇa measure of the season,i.e.the exact season Vin.I,95.--pariṇāma change (adversity) of the season (as cause of disease) S.IV,230; A.II,87; III,131; V,110; Miln.112,304; Vism.31.--parissaya danger or risk of the seasons A.III,388.--pubba festival on the eve of each of the (6) seasons J.VI,524.--vāra time of the season,°vārena °vārena according to the turn of the season J.I,58.--vikāra change of season Vism.262.--veramanī abstinence during the time of menstruaīion Sn.291 (cp.SnA 317).--saṁvacchara the year or cycle of the seasons,pl.°ā the seasons D.III,85 = A.II,75; S.V,442.The phrase utusaṁvaccharāni at Pv.II,955 is by Dhammapāla taken as a bahuvrīhi cpd.viz.cycles of seasons & of years,i.e.vasanta-gimh ādike bahū utū ca citta-saṁvacchar’adi bahūni saṁvaccharāni ca PvA.135.Similarly at J.V,330 (with Cy).--sappāya suitable to the season,seasonable DhA 327.--samaya time of the menses SnA 317.(Page 130)