Yāma
Yāma,[fr.yam in both meanings of yamati & yama3] 1.restraint,only as cpd.cātu-yāma 4--fold restraint D.I,57; III,48; S.I,66; M.I,377; Vism.416.Cp.Dial.I.751.-- 2.a watch of the night.There are 3 watches,given as paṭhama, majjhima & pacchima (first,middle & last) Nd1 377 sq.; or purima, m. & pacchima Nd2 631 (under sadā).-- A.I,114; IV,168; Dh.157 (one of the 3; interpreted as the 3 vayas at DhA.III,138); J.I,243 (tīsu yāmesu ekasmiṁ yāme); Mhvs 21,33; PvA.217,280.-- 3.(usually pl.Yāmā devā) one who belongs to Yama or the ruler of the Underworld; a subject of Yama; the realm of Yama; -- pl.inhabitants of Yamaloka A.I,210 (yāmā devā); SnA 244 (°bhavana the abode of the Y.); KhA 166 (Yāmato yāva Akaniṭṭhaṁ from the Underworld to the Highest Heaven); Vism.225 (Yāmā); VbhA.519 (Yāmā); VvA.246 (id.); ThA.169 (Y.devā).
--kālika of a restricted time,for a (relatively) short period (lit.) only for one watch of the night,but longer than yāva-kālika temporary.It is one of the three regulation-terms for specified food,viz.y.--k. sattāhakālika & yāvajīvika,or short period,of a week’s duration,and life-long food Vin.IV,83,86,176,311; to which is added yāva-kālika,temporary at Vin.I,251 (where mutual relations of the 4 are discussed).--gaṇḍika(ṁ) koṭṭeti to beat the block of restraint (?),i.e.exercise self-control (?) (or does it belong to yāma 3?) KhA 233.(Page 554)