api
Api,(indecl.) [Sk. api & pi; Idg. *epi *pi *opi; cp. Gr. e]/pi on to,o]/pi (o)/piqen behind,o]piζsa back = close at one’s heels); Lat. ob. in certain functions; Goth. iftuma. ‹-› The assimil. form before vowels is app° (= Sk. apy°). See further details under pi.] both prep. & conj.,orig. meaning “close by”,then as prep. “towards,to,on to,on” and as adv. “later,and,moreover”. -- 1 (prep. & pref.) (a) prep. c. Loc.:api ratte later on in the night (q. v.) -- (b) pref.:apidhāna putting on to; apiḷahati bind on to,apihita (= Gr. e)piqetόs,epithet) put on to,(q. v.). -- 2. (conj. & part.). (a) in affirmative sentences meaning primarily “moreover,further,and then,even”:-- (a) (single) prothetic:api dibbesu kāmesu even in heavenly joys Dh.187; ko disvā na pasīdeyya api kaṇhâbhijātiko even an unfortunate-born Sn.563 api yojanāni gacchāma,even for leagues we go Pv IV.107 (= anekāni yojanāni pi g. PvA.270. Epithetic (more freq. in the form pi):muhuttam api even a little while Dh.106,107; aham api daṭṭhukāmo I also wish to see Sn.685. Out of prothetic use (= even = even if) develops the conditional meaning of “if”,as in api sakkuṇemu (and then we may = if we may) J.V,24 (c. = api nāma sakkuṇeyyāma; see further under b app’eva nāma). -- api-api in correlation corresponds to Lat. et-et Sk ca-ca,meaning both . . . and,and . . . as well as,& is esp. freq. in combn. app’ekacce . . . app’ekacce (and) some . . . and others,i. e. some . . . others [not with Kern Toev. s. v. to appa!],e. g. at D.I,118; Th.2,216; VvA.208,etc. --app’ekadā “morever once” = sometimes Vin.IV,178; S.I,162; IV,111; J.I,67; DhA.III,303,etc. -- (b) (in combn with other emphatic or executive particles) api ca further,and also,moreover D.I,96; Miln.25,47. --api ca kho moreover,and yet,still,all the same It.89 (+ pana v. l.); Miln.20,239. --api ca kho pana all the same,never mind,nevertheless J.I,253. --api ssu so much so Vin.II,76. --app’eva nāma (with pot.) (either) surely,indeed,yes,I reckon,(or) I presume,it is likely that,perhaps Vin.I,16 (surely); II,85 (id.); cp. pi D.I,205 (sve pi upasaṁkameyyāma tomorrow I shall surely come along),226 (siyā thus shall it be); M.I,460 = It.89 (moreover,indeed); J.I,168 (surely) Vin.II,262 (perhaps) J.V,421 (id.,piyavācaṁ labheyyāma). -- (b) in interrog.-dubit. sentences as part. of interrog. (w. indic. or pot.) corresponding to Lat. nonne,i e. awaiting an affirmative answer (“not,not then”):api Yasaṁ kulaputtaṁ passeyya do you not see . . . Vin.I,16; api samaṇa balivadde addasā have you not then seen . . . S.I,115; api kiñci labhāmase shall we then not get anything? J.III,26; api me pitaraṁ passatha do you then not see my father? PvA.38. -- Also combd. with other interr. part. e. g. api nu J. II.415. (Page 54)