ati
Ati，（indecl．） [sk．ati = Gr．e]/ti moreover，yet，and; Lat．et and，Goth．ip; also connected with Gr．ataρ but，Lat．at but （= over，outside） Goth．appan] adv．and prep．of direction （forward motion），in primary meaning “on，and further＂，then “up to and beyond＂．I．in abstr．position adverbially （only as ttg．）：in excess，extremely，very （cp．II，3） J．VI，133 （ati uggata C．= accuggata T．），307 （ati ahitaṁ C．= accāhitaṁ T．）．
II．as prefix，meaning．-- 1．on to，up to，towards，until）; as far as：accanta up to the end; aticchati to go further，pass on; atipāta “falling on to＂; attack slaying; atimāpeti to put damage on to，i．e．to destroy．-- 2．over，beyond，past，by，trans-; with verbs：（a．） trs．atikkamati to pass beyond，surpass; atimaññati to put one’s “manas＂ over，to despise; atirocati to surpass in splendour．（b．） intr．atikkanta passed by; atikkama traversing; aticca transgressing; atīta past，gone beyond．-- Also with verbal derivations：accaya lapse，also sin，transgression （“going over＂）; atireka remainder，left over; atisaya overflow，abundance; atisāra stepping over，sin．-- 3．exceedingly，in a high or excessive degree either very （much） or too （much）; in nominal compn． （a），rarely also in verbal compn． see （b）．-- （a） with nouns & adj．：°āsanna too near; °uttama the very highest; °udaka too much water; °khippa too soon; °dāna excessive alms giving; °dāruṇa very cruel; °dīgha extremely long; °dūra too near; deva a super-god °pago too early; °bālha too much; °bhāra a too heavy load; °manāpa very lovely; °manohara very charming; °mahant too great; °vikāla very inconvenient; °vela a very long time; °sambādha too tight，etc．etc．‹-› （b．） with verb：atibhuñjati to eat excessively．
III，A peculiar use of ati is its’function in reduplication-compounds，expressing “and，adding further，and so on，even more，etc．＂ like that of the other comparing or contrasting prefixes a （ā），anu，ava，paṭi，vi （e．g．khaṇḍâkhaṇḍa，seṭṭhânuseṭṭhi，chiddâvacchidda，aṅgapaccaṅga，cuṇṇavicuṇṇa）．In this function it is however restricted to comparatively few expressions and has not by far the wide range of ā （q．v．），the only phrases being the foll．viz．cakkâticakkaṁ mañcâtimañcaṁ bandhati to heap carts upon carts，couches upon couches （in order to see a procession） Vin．IV，360 （Bdhgh）; J．II，331; IV，81; DhA．IV，61．--devâtideva god upon god，god and more than a god （see atideva）; mānâtimāna all kinds of conceit; vaṅkâtivaṅka crooked all over J．I，160．-- IV．Semantically ati is closely related to abhi，so that in consequence of dialectical variation we frequently find ati in Pāli，where the corresp．expression in later Sk．shows abhi．See e．g．the foll．cases for comparison：accuṇha ati-jāta，°pīḷita °brūheti，°vassati，°vāyati，°veṭheti．
Note The contracted （assimilation-） form of ati before vowels is acc- （q．v．）．See also for adv．use atiriva，ativiya，atīva．（Page 17）