“Bhikkhus, there are these four kinds of verbal misconduct. What four? False speech, divisive speech, harsh speech, and idle chatter. These are the four kinds of verbal misconduct.
“Bhikkhus, there are these four kinds of verbal good conduct. What four? Truthful speech, non-divisive speech, gentle speech, and judicious speech. These are the four kinds of verbal good conduct.”
“Bhikkhus, possessing four qualities, the foolish, incompetent, bad person maintains himself in a maimed and injured condition; he is blameworthy and subject to reproach by the wise; and he generates much demerit. What four? Bodily misconduct, verbal misconduct, mental misconduct, and wrong view. Possessing these four qualities ... he generates much demerit.
“Bhikkhus, possessing four [other] qualities, the wise, competent, good person preserves himself unmaimed and uninjured; he is blameless and beyond reproach by the wise; and he generates much merit. What four? Bodily good conduct, verbal good conduct, mental good conduct, and right view. Possessing these four qualities ... he generates much merit.”
“Bhikkhus, possessing four qualities, the foolish, incompetent, bad person maintains himself in a maimed and injured condition; he is blameworthy and subject to reproach by the wise; and he generates much demerit. What four? Bodily misconduct, verbal misconduct, mental misconduct, and ingratitude or nonthankfulness. Possessing these four qualities ... he generates much demerit.
“Bhikkhus, possessing four [other] qualities, the wise, competent, good person preserves himself unmaimed and uninjured; he is blameless and beyond reproach by the wise; and he generates much merit. What four? Bodily good conduct, verbal good conduct, mental good conduct, and gratitude or thankfulness. Possessing these four qualities ... he generates much merit.”
“... He destroys life, takes what is not given, engages in sexual misconduct, and speaks falsely....
“... He abstains from the destruction of life, abstains from taking what is not given, abstains from sexual misconduct, and abstains from false speech....”
“... He is of wrong view, wrong intention, wrong speech, and wrong action....
“... He is of right view, right intention, right speech, and right action.... ”
“... He is of wrong livelihood, wrong effort, wrong mindfulness, and wrong concentration....
“... He is of right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right concentration.... ”
227 (7) Courses of Expression (1)
“. He says that he has seen what he has not seen; he says that he has heard what he has not heard; he says that he has sensed what he has not sensed; he says that he has cognized what he has not cognized....
“. He says that he has not seen what he has not seen; he says that he has not heard what he has not heard; he says that he has not sensed what he has not sensed; he says that he has not cognized what he has not cognized. ”
228 (8) Courses of Expression (2)
“. He says that he has not seen what he has seen; he says that he has not heard what he has heard; he says that he has not sensed what he has sensed; he says that he has not cognized what he has cognized... .
“. He says that he has seen what he has seen; he says that he has heard what he has heard; he says that he has sensed what he has sensed; he says that he has cognized what he has cognized. ”
“... He is devoid of faith, immoral, morally shameless, and morally reckless....
“... He is endowed with faith, virtuous, and has a sense ofmoral shame and moral dread.... ”
“Bhikkhus, possessing four qualities, the foolish, incompetent, bad person maintains himself in a maimed and injured condition; he is blameworthy and subject to reproach by the wise; and he generates much demerit. What four? He is devoid of faith, immoral, lazy, and unwise. Possessing these four qualities ... he generates much demerit.
“Bhikkhus, possessing four [other] qualities, the wise, competent, good person preserves himself unmaimed and uninjured; he is blameless and beyond reproach by the wise; and he generates much merit. What four? He is endowed with faith, is virtuous, energetic, and wise. Possessing these four qualities ... he generates much merit.”
“Bhikkhus, there are these four kinds of poets. What four? The reflective poet, the narrative poet, the didactic poet, and the inspirational poet. These are the four kinds of poets.”